A Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Trauma-informed Practice

This study looked at past research on trauma informed practice to analyze its effectiveness.. There is sufficient research portraying the helpfulness of the trauma-informed approach; however, there is little research on whether it is effective as a theoretical intervention. The study looked at how different trauma-informed interventions have helped in diminishing the effect of trauma on different populations. The populations considered in the analysis include: women that have experienced domestic violence, children, individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and youth that reside in neighborhoods with high levels of crime. Since trauma-informed care is currently considered a broad theoretical framework for practice, with this meta-analysis, we aim to establish it as a concrete evidence-based practice

Development of muscle structure and function in loliginid squids

Squid embryos are able to contract their mantle early during the embryonic period. This dissertation examines the onset of contractile capabilities and subsequent maturation of the main locornotor structures in embryos of two species of loligind squids with a focus on the mantle musculature. The functional implications of the differentiation and organization of the musculature is investigated. The results of these series of studies indicate that the development and emergence of functional competence of the mantle musculature in loliginid squids is a dynamic process. Differentiation and organization of the musculature of the main locomotor structures does not occur simultaneously and has a precise sequence with the mantle developing first, then funnel and the fins developing and organizing last. The superficial mitochodria rich (SMR) fibers that drive respiratory contractions differentiate first at the inner and outer surfaces of the mantle. The central mitochondria poor (CMP) muscle fibers, which are active during fast and escape jetting, differentiate second and in the central region of the mantle. The mantle of embryonic loligind squids is able to produce contractions in the absence of a completely developed and organized musculature. During subsequent stages, the mantle undergoes measurable ontogenetic kinematic changes as evidenced by an increase in the frequency and duration of the contractions. Moreover, mathematical modeling of these contractions indicates that the mantle in embryonic squids is capable of producing two distinct types of contractions. These different contraction types resemble the respiratory and locomotory contractions of the juveniles and adults. When these data are examined in conjunction with the morphological data they show that mantle morphology and mantle functional ability appear to be developing in parallel. Additionally, stage 27 emerges as a morphologically and functionally significant point in development. Stage 27 embryos have a robust, differentiated mantle whose morphological organization and functional repertoire begins to reflect that of the adults. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

What Factors Influence Affirmative-Action Students\u27 Achievement in Brazilian Federal Universities?

This study aims to determine what personal and family characteristics, pre-college factors and environmental variables, contribute to affirmative action student success in Brazilian federal universities, as measured by the final college exam. In 2012, Brazil implemented an aggressive and controversial quota-system in federal universities which reserved half of the incoming class spaces to students who graduated from public high schools, followed by prioritization based on income and race. The study used secondary data collected by the Brazilian Ministry of Education; the population includes 6,557 graduating students from the sampled federal universities majors who completed the 2016 ENADE exam (final college exam). Using the IBM statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), Statistics 24 was utilized to conduct hierarchical multiple regressions analyses. Hierarchical multiple regressions were run to determine if the addition of high school factors, pre-college variables, economic factors, social support variables, and individual involvement variables obtained from a survey improved the prediction of ENADE (college exit exam) scores over and above the family and student characteristic variables alone. The full model, inclusive of family income, age, sex, race, father’s educational level, mother’s educational level, high school location, traditional vs. non-traditional high school, public or private high school, reason for choosing major, university proximity to home, evening student, on-campus living, SES or disability quota type, STEM vs. Non-STEM majors, highly selective university, awarded scholarship, academic involvement scholarship, contributed to family finances, retention services financial need, working student, institutional and faculty support, received support while facing challenges, general social support to attend college, reading for pleasure, opportunity to learn a foreign language and number of hours spent studying – to predict ENADE overall score was statistically significant, R2=0.104, F(3,6529)= 50.915, p2=0.10. This study adds to prior research by extending U.S.-based student development theory, specifically Astin’s theory of student involvement to a new population, Brazilian university students. It also focuses on the academic achievement of quota-students only, giving legitimized quota-students in higher education, a space in which they have been habitually excluded and marginalized. Quota-students are primarily analyzed in the context of measuring up to the academic level of non-quota students

Discharge gait speed and hospital readmission for the elderly population: A pilot study

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe whether discharge gait speed, after a course of physical therapy, is related to hospital readmission in the elderly population. Design: Observational cross-sectional study of discharge gait speed and a tracking system linking those who were readmitted to the hospital in 3 and 6 months post-discharge. Setting: Acute care, skilled nursing, and inpatient rehabilitation facilities of a regional medical center in the United States. Participants: Individuals (N=172) that were admitted with physical therapy orders with full weight bearing status who could ambulate 20 feet and consented to participate. Participants who had orthopedic or neurologic primary diagnoses or elective surgeries were excluded. Participants were contacted at home at 3 month and 6 months after inpatient stays to determine subsequent readmissions to any inpatient facility. Main Outcome Measure: Discharge gait speed and 3 and 6 month inpatient readmission. Results: Participants who required readmission to an inpatient setting had discharge gait speed of 0.44 m/s ±0.08 (N=12) while those not readmitted had a discharge gait speed of 0.52 m/s ±0.10 (N=23). Independent t-tests failed to show significant differences in the two speeds with the limited participant size. Conclusions: Although significant differences in discharge gait speed were not realized in this small pilot study, discharge gait speed has the potential to be an informative measure of patient status after initial inpatient stay, given the appropriate statistical power. This is a pilot study that requires additional data collection (N=318) to obtain a power of 80% with the possibility of realized differences in the two groups

Old Age, Everyday and Institutions in Molinos (Valles Calchaquíes, Salta, Argentina)

Las entrevistas en profundidad con hombres y mujeres de diferentes edades acerca de la percepción sobre el envejecimiento y la vejez en los Valles Calchaquíes, motiva y dispone positivamente a los pobladores a narrar circunstancias de vida pasadas y presentes. En este contexto surgen relatos en los que se destacan y entrelazan itinerarios, paisajes y situaciones específicas en relación a las limitaciones y facilidades en el desarrollo de actividades de subsistencia, educación y salud, entre otros aspectos de su cotidianidad. Las narraciones de los ancianos en su mayoría refieren a distintos momentos de sus trayectorias de vida. Particularmente, las mujeres comparan sus biografías en contraste con la de los hombres estableciendo, asimismo, diferencias con las de las representantes de las generaciones jóvenes. En dicha comparación, la familia, escuela y el hospital constituyen referentes importantes para comprender la vejez y las relaciones intergeneracionales en el presente, confrontándolas con su situación en otros momentos de la historia local. En el marco de estas instituciones los pobladores viejos subrayan los cambios surgidos a través del tiempo. Desde una perspectiva etnogerontológica, este trabajo se propone aportar al conocimiento sobre la variabilidad de los procesos de envejecimiento y vejeces en la cotidianidad de los viejos vallistos, y a través de ello contribuir al momento de delinear e implementar políticas públicas.The in-depth interviews with men and women of different ages about the perception of the aging and old age in the Calchaquíes valleys (Argentina), motivates the residents to tell about past and present circumstances of life. In this context stories appear that stand out intertwined itineraries, landscapes and specific situations in relation to limitations and facilities in the development of livelihood, education and health, among other aspects of their daily lives. The tales of the elderly mostly refers to different moments of their life paths. Particularly, women compared their biographies and contrast with the men biographies, also establishing differences with the representatives of the younger generation. In this comparison, the family, school and hospital are references important to understanding old age and intergenerational relations in the present, confronting them with the situation at other times of the local history. Within the framework of these institutions the old settlers highlight changes that emerged over time. From an ethnogerontological perspective, this work intends to contribute to the knowledge on the variability of the aging process and the older different aging in the everyday life of the Valley, and in that way contribute to time to implement public policies.Fil: Morgante, María Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Invest. En Etnografía Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Maria Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Invest. En Etnografía Aplicada; Argentin

An Efficient Primal-Dual Approach to Chance-Constrained Economic Dispatch

To effectively enhance the integration of distributed and renewable energy sources in future smart microgrids, economical energy management accounting for the principal challenge of the variable and non-dispatchable renewables is indispensable and of significant importance. Day-ahead economic generation dispatch with demand-side management for a microgrid in islanded mode is considered in this paper. With the goal of limiting the risk of the loss-of-load probability, a joint chance constrained optimization problem is formulated for the optimal multi-period energy scheduling with multiple wind farms. Bypassing the intractable spatio-temporal joint distribution of the wind power generation, a primal-dual approach is used to obtain a suboptimal solution efficiently. The method is based on first-order optimality conditions and successive approximation of the probabilistic constraint by generation of p-efficient points. Numerical results are reported to corroborate the merits of this approach.Comment: Appeared in 2014 North American Power Symposiu

Análisis técnico y económico de la recuperación de los aceites dieléctricos con tierra fuller y deslodificación de bobinados en transformadores

La presente tesis realiza un análisis técnico y económico de la recuperación de los aceites dieléctricos con tierra fuller con su efecto al interior de los transformadores en la deslodificación de sus bobinados como producto del envejecimiento que estos equipos experimentan en su operación con el transcurrir de los años. Mediante esta implementación no sólo se logra mejorar las condiciones operativas de los transformadores sino que también se evita que en el país se produzca un almacenamiento muy grande de aceites dieléctricos lo cual afecta también al medio ambiente. Por los motivos antes expuestos, se realiza previo al análisis una descripción del proceso de envejecimiento que sufren los aceites dieléctricos así como se detallan los diferentes métodos que se tienen para la recuperación de los mismos utilizando tierra fuller. Finalmente se hace la evaluación técnica y económica de la recuperación de los aceites dieléctricos y la deslodificación de los bobinados frente al costo que tienen los transformadores de potencia